University of Idaho, 1948 to 1952 

Mary Kirkwood. Trained in figure drawing, composition in dark and light patterns, beginning painting

Rick's College, 1970s 

Robert Powell. Studied design and composition, (color, line, shape and texture) and the "art principles"

Idaho Falls Art Guild, 1970s and 1980s: Visiting Artists workshops

Sergei Bongart. Studied color harmony (warm and cool), division of space

Jan Herring. Studied portraits, composition rules, division of space, proportions of the figure, along with opaque and glazing techniques.